If you’re thinking about applying for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), it’s important to know what the Social Security Administration (SSA) looks for. SSDI helps people who can’t work due to a long-term disability. To qualify, you need to meet specific medical and work-related requirements.
You must have a disability that meets SSA standards
SSDI doesn’t cover short-term or partial disabilities. Your condition must keep you from doing meaningful work and must last at least 12 months or be expected to result in death. The SSA keeps a list of impairments that automatically qualify, but other conditions may still count if they limit your ability to work significantly.
You need enough work credits
SSDI is funded by payroll taxes, so you need a work history to qualify. Most people need 40 work credits, and 20 must have been earned in the last 10 years before the disability started. Younger workers may qualify with fewer credits. In general, you earn one credit for every $1,730 you make in wages or self-employment income (as of 2025), up to four credits per year.
You must earn below a certain amount
If you’re still working, your income must be under the SSA’s limit for substantial gainful activity (SGA). In 2025, this limit is $1,620 per month for most applicants. If you’re blind, the limit is higher, at $2,700 per month. If you earn more than that, the SSA may assume you aren’t disabled under their rules.
You must meet residency or citizenship rules
Most SSDI recipients are U.S. citizens, but some non-citizens can qualify if they meet lawful presence and other requirements. You’ll also need a valid Social Security number.
Make sure you meet all the standards
To receive SSDI, you need to prove that your disability is severe, that you worked long enough to earn credits, and that you’re not earning more than the allowed amount. Meeting all of these standards gives you the best chance of receiving benefits.